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1.
Arq. bras. oftalmol ; 87(1): e2021, 2024. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1527810

ABSTRACT

ABSTRACT Purpose: This study investigates the protective effect of cilostazol on the development and evolution of diabetic retinopathy in rats. Methods: Sixty male rats were divided into four groups: untreated nondiabetic rats, untreated diabetic rats, cilostazol-treated nondiabetic rats, and cilostazol-treated diabetic rats. The thickness of the internal limiting membrane to the outer limiting membrane, inner plexiform layer, inner nuclear layer, and outer nuclear layer were measured. The number of cell nuclei per 50-μm length in retinal sections was counted to quantify the degree of retinal cell loss. Results: The number of nuclei in the ganglion cell layer was significantly higher in untreated nondiabetic rats (p<0.05). The mean number of nuclei in the cilostazol-treated nondiabetic rats was significantly higher than that in the cilostazol-treated diabetic rats (p<0.05). The cilostazol-treated nondiabetic rats had a significantly higher mean nuclei count in the inner nuclear layer and inner plexiform layer as compared with the other groups (p<0.05). The total mean retinal thickness of the cilostazol-treated nondiabetic rats was significantly higher than that of cilostazol-treated diabetic rats and untreated diabetic rats (p<0.05). Conclusion: By decreasing the loss of ganglion cells and reducing the sensorineural atrophy in the internal retinal layers, cilostazol had a protective effect against changes caused by diabetic retinopathy in diabetic rats.


RESUMO Objetivo: O objetivo deste estudo foi investigar o efeito protetor do cilostazol no desenvolvimento e na evolução da retinopatia diabética em ratos. Métodos: Sessenta ratos machos foram divididos em 4 grupos: ratos não-diabéticos não-tratados, ratos diabéticos não-tratados, ratos não-diabéticos tratados com cilostazol e ratos diabéticos tratados com cilostazol. A espessura da membrana limitante interna à membrana limitante externa, a camada plexiforme interna, a camada nuclear interna e a camada nuclear externa foram medidas. Para quantificar o grau de perda de células da retina, foi contado o número de núcleos de células por 50 μm de comprimento em secções retinianas. Resultados: O número de núcleos no GCL foi significativamente maior em Ratos não-diabéticos não-tratados com cilostazol (p<0,05). O número médio de núcleos em Ratos não-diabéticos tratados com cilostazol foi significativamente maior do que em Ratos diabéticos tratados com cilostazol (p<0,05). A contagem média de núcleos em camada nuclear interna e camada plexiforme interna de ratos não-diabéticos tratados com cilostazol foi significativamente maior do que nos outros grupos (p<0,05). A espessura retiniana média total de Ratos não-diabéticos tratados com cilostazol foi significativamente maior do que em Ratos diabéticos tratados com cilostazol e Ratos diabéticos não-tratados (p<0,05). Conclusão: Os resultados demonstraram que o cilostazol teve um efeito protetor contra as alterações causadas pela retinopatia diabética em ratos diabéticos, diminuindo a perda de células ganglionares e reduzindo a atrofia neurossensorial nas camadas retinianas internas.

2.
Rev. bras. ginecol. obstet ; 44(7): 701-709, July 2022. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-1394813

ABSTRACT

Abstract Objective To analyze the influence of selenium in female fertility. Data sourceA search was performed in the following databases: MEDLINE, Web of Science, Scopus, SciELO, LILACS, MDPI, ScienceDirect, and Europe PMC. The descriptors selected were "selenium" AND "female" AND "fertility". The search interval was from 1996 to 2021. Study selectionThe evaluation was performed independently by two reviewers, and a third reviewer confirmed the inclusion of papers in case of divergence between the first two reviewers. Papers were selected after the title and abstract were read, and those that met the eligibility criteria had the full text read. Data collectionThe following data was extracted: author, year of publication, country, type of study, objective, method, sample size, follow-up period, patients' mean age, inclusion and exclusion criteria, and concentration of serum and capillary selenium. The data was organized in chronological order of paper publication. Data synthesisThe number of papers identified totaled 3,800, out of which 7 were included in the systematic review. The studies indicated a positive correlation between serum selenium and antioxidant concentration in the follicular fluid, reduction in antithyroid antibodies, oocyte production and follicle number. Conclusion Selenium supplementation is promising in women with this micronutrient deficiency to promote improvement of the reproductive efficiency and prevent damage to the pregnancy. Further studies on this theme are still required.


Resumo Objetivo Analisar a influência do selênio na fertilidade feminina. Fonte dos dadosUma busca foi realizada nas seguintes bases de dados: MEDLINE, Web of Science, Scopus, SciELO, LILACS, MDPI, ScienceDirect e Europe PMC. Os descritores selecionados foram "selenium" AND "female" AND "fertility". O intervalo de busca foi de 1996 a 2021. Seleção dos estudosA avaliação ocorreu de maneira independente por dois revisores, sendo que um terceiro corroborou a eleição dos artigos em casos de divergência. Os estudos foram selecionados através da leitura do título e resumo, e aqueles que contemplaram os critérios de elegibilidade foram lidos na íntegra. Coleta dos dadosOs seguintes dados foram extraídos: autor, ano de publicação, país, tipo de estudo, objetivo, método, tamanho da amostra, tempo de acompanhamento, média de idade das pacientes, critérios de inclusão e exclusão, concentração de selênio sérico e capilar. Os dados foram organizados em ordem cronológica de publicação do estudo. Síntese dos dadosForam identificados 3.800 artigos e incluídos 7 estudos na revisão sistemática. Os resultados indicaram correlação positiva entre o nível de selênio sérico e a concentração de antioxidantes no fluido folicular; diminuição dos níveis de anticorpos antitireoidianos; produção de oócitos, e número de folículos. Conclusão A suplementação de selênio é promissora em mulheres com deficiência do micronutriente, a fim de promover melhora na eficiência reprodutiva e prevenir danos na gravidez. Salientou-se a necessidade de realização de mais estudos sobre o tema.


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Pregnancy , Reproduction , Selenium/therapeutic use , Fertility Agents
3.
Rev. Pesqui. Fisioter ; 11(4): 815-822, 20210802. tab, ilus
Article in English, Portuguese | LILACS | ID: biblio-1349162

ABSTRACT

OBJETIVO: Avaliar a influência das palmilhas customizadas na pressão plantar de diabéticos com neuropatia em comparação ao grupo sham. MÉTODOS: O método do estudo, devidamente registrado no Registro Brasileiro de Ensaios Clínicos ­ REBEC (Clinical Trial Brazilian Register) (http://www.ensaiosclinicos.gov.br/) RBR-5NQK4K, incluiu um ensaio clínico randomizado, controlado, prospectivo, duplo-cego, com uma amostra de 46 voluntários que serão randomizados aleatoriamente numa razão de 1: 1 para serem direcionados aos grupos intervenção e controle. O grupo intervenção receberá palmilhas customizadas, com barra retrocapital e placa de etil vinil acetato (EVA) no mesmo formato da barra retrocapital, com a finalidade de reduzir a pressão no antepé. No grupo controle, as palmilhas planas serão confeccionadas sem nenhum objetivo terapêutico. Este projeto foi conduzido de acordo com o padrão de protocolo para ensaios clínicos randomizados (SPIRIT). Junto com a avaliação clínica, serão coletados dados demográficos da amostra para identificar e confirmar a presença de neuropatia periférica, em seguida, será avaliada a podobarografia e, por fim, os pacientes responderão ao questionário FAAM para avaliação da funcionalidade do pé. O desfecho primário será a análise dos pontos de pressão em KiloPascal (kPa) no pé dos pacientes com neuropatia diabética por meio da podobarografia nos pacientes do grupo intervenção e controle. O desfecho secundário será a funcionalidade do pé nas atividades de vida diária através do questionário FAAM (Foot and Ankle Ability Measure), considerando os voluntários na avaliação inicial, 3º e 6º meses. CONSIDERAÇÕES FINAIS: os futuros resultados deste estudo nos mostrarão principalmente se há ou não uma alteração estrutural na análise da pressão plantar decorrente do uso contínuo da palmilha, além de avaliar se o uso da palmilha terapêutica é eficaz na funcionalidade do pé nos mesmos portadores quando comparado à palmilha sham.


| OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the influence of customized insoles in the plantar pressure of diabetes patients with neuropathy in comparison to the sham group. METHODS: The work method, duly registered at the Registro Brasileiro de Ensaios Clínicos ­ REBEC (Clinical Trial Brazilian Register) (http://www.ensaiosclinicos.gov.br/) RBR-5NQK4K, includes a randomized, controlled, prospective, doubleblinded clinical trial, with a sample of 46 volunteers that will be randomly randomized in a 1: 1 ratio to be referred to intervention and control groups. The intervention group will receive customized insoles, with a retrocapital bar and an ethyl vinyl acetate plaque (EVA) in the same shape as the retrocapital bar, in order to reduce the pressure on the forefoot. In the control group, flat insoles will be prepared without any therapeutic objective. This project was developed according to the standard protocol for randomized clinical trials (SPIRIT). Along with the clinical evaluation, demographic data of the sample will be collected to identify and confirm the presence of peripheral neuropathy, next, the pedobarographic will be evaluated, and finally, the patients will answer the FAAM questionnaire to assess foot functionality. The primary outcome will be analyzing pressure points in KiloPascal (kPa) in the patients' feet through pedobarographic of the patients in the intervention and control groups. The secondary outcome will be the foot functionality in activities of daily living through the FAAM (Foot and Ankle Ability Measure), considering the volunteers in the initial evaluation, third and sixth months. FINAL CONSIDERATIONS: Mainly, results of this study will show whether there is a structural alteration in the analysis of the plantar pressure due to the continuous use of insoles and present the evaluation of whether the use of therapeutic insoles improves the foot functionality of the same users when compared to sham insoles.


Subject(s)
Diabetic Neuropathies , Orthotic Devices , Patients
4.
J. vasc. bras ; 20: e20200197, 2021. tab, graf
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: biblio-1287088

ABSTRACT

Resumo Contexto A insuficiência venosa crônica (IVC) é uma doença comum, uma disfunção da bomba muscular da panturrilha que repercute na hemodinâmica das estruturas. Objetivos Analisar os efeitos dos exercícios de fortalecimento muscular da panturrilha na hemodinâmica venosa em pacientes com IVC. Métodos O estudo contou com a participação de 13 pacientes e 25 membros inferiores com IVC, classificados entre C1 e C5 da classificação Clínica, Etiologia, Anatomia e Fisiopatologia (CEAP), oriundos do ambulatório de cirurgia vascular do Hospital Universitário Regional dos Campos Gerais. As variáveis analisadas foram dinamometria isométrica, goniometria, perimetria, adipometria no início, primeiro mês, segundo mês e final da aplicação do protocolo de exercícios. Resultados Os valores da dorsiflexão e da plantiflexão aumentaram 5º (p < 0,001). Na adipometria notou-se uma redução de 5 mm (p < 0,001). Quando separados em grupos pela CEAP, na C2 houve aumento de 5º na dorsiflexão (p = 0,02) e na plantiflexão (p < 0,001); na C3 houve aumento de 5º na dorsiflexão (p = 0,003) e redução de 1 mm na adipometria (p < 0,004); na C1 houve aumento da perimetria de 1,2 cm (p = 0,04). Conclusões A aplicação de protocolos de exercícios deveria ser considerada como uma forma de tratamento para IVC, pois impacta positivamente em fatores de risco e nas funções que estão deterioradas pela patologia.


Abstract Background Chronic venous insufficiency (CVI) is a common disease that causes calf muscle pump dysfunction and has repercussions for the hemodynamics of the structures involved. Objectives To analyze the effects on venous hemodynamics of exercises to strengthen the calf muscles in patients with CVI. Methods The study analyzed 25 lower limbs with CVI, classified from C1 to C5 according to the Clinical, Etiology, Anatomy, and Pathophysiology (CEAP) classification, in 13 patients recruited from a Lymphedema and Angiodysplasia Clinic at the Hospital Universitário Regional dos Campos Gerais (Brazil). The variables analyzed were collected by isometric dynamometry, goniometry, leg circumference measurement, and adipometry at baseline, after 1 month and 2 months and at the end of the exercise protocol. Results Dorsiflexion and plantar flexion measurements increased by 5º (p < 0.001). Adipometry detected a reduction in 5 mm (p < 0.001). When grouped by CEAP class, C2 exhibited 5º increases in dorsiflexion (p = 0.02) and plantar flexion (p < 0.001); C3 exhibited a 5ºincrease in dorsiflexion (p = 0.003) and a 1mm reduction in adipometry (p < 0.004); and C1 exhibited a 1.2cm increase in leg circumference (p = 0.04). Conclusions Administration of exercise protocols should be considered as a treatment option for CVI, since it has a positive impact on risk factors and on the functions that are impaired by this pathology.


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Adult , Middle Aged , Aged , Venous Insufficiency/therapy , Exercise , Resistance Training , Chronic Disease , Risk Factors , Adiposity , Manual Dynamometry , Leg
5.
Texto & contexto enferm ; 29: e20200154, Jan.-Dec. 2020. tab, graf
Article in English | BDENF, LILACS | ID: biblio-1127490

ABSTRACT

ABSTRACT Objective: to produce a predictive model for the incidence of COVID-19 cases, severity and deaths in Ponta Grossa, state of Paraná. Methods: this is an ecological study with data from confirmed cases of COVID-19 reported between March 21, 2020 and May 3, 2020 in Ponta Grossa and proportion of severity, hospitalization and lethality in the literature. A susceptible-infected-recovered (SIR) epidemic model was developed, and reproduction rate (R0), duration of epidemic, peak period, number of cases, hospitalized patients and deaths were estimated. Deaths were calculated by age group and in three scenarios: at day 24, at day 34, and at day 44 of the epidemic. Results: in the three scenarios assessed in this study, the variation in the number of cases was explained by an exponential curve (r2=0.74, 0.79 and 0.89, respectively, p<0.0001 in all scenarios). The SIR model estimated that, in the best scenario, the peak period will be around 120 days after the first case (between July 11, 2020 and July 25, 2020), estimated R0 will be 1.07 and will infect 0.23% of the population. In the worst scenario, peak period will involve 4,375 (95% CI; 4156-4594) cases and 825 (95% CI; 700-950) cases in the best scenario. Most cases and hospital admissions will involve patients aged 20 to 39 years, the number of deaths will be higher among the elderly and more pronounced among patients aged ≥80 years. Conclusion: this is the first study that provides COVID-19 projections for a municipality that is not a large capital. It shows a peak period at a later moment; therefore, the municipality will have more time to prepare and adopt protective measures to reduce the number of simultaneous cases.


RESUMEN Objetivo: obtener un modelo predictivo para la ocurrencia de casos, severidad y muertes por COVID-19 en Ponta Grossa-Paraná. Métodos: estudio ecológico con datos de casos confirmados de COVID-19 notificados del 21/03/2020 al 3/3/2020 en Ponta Grossa y proporción de severidad, hospitalización y letalidad en la literatura. Se construyó un modelo epidemiológico (SIR) infectado-recuperado susceptible y tasa de reproducción estimada (R0), duración de la epidemia, fecha pico, número de casos, hospitalizaciones y muertes. Este último por grupo de edad y en tres escenarios: a los 24 días, a los 34 días y a los 44 días de epidemia. Resultados: en los tres escenarios evaluados, la variación en el número de casos se explicó por una curva exponencial (r2 = 0.74, 0.79 y 0.89, respectivamente y p <0.0001 en total). El modelo SIR estimó que, en el mejor escenario, el pico ocurrirá alrededor de 120 días después del primer caso (entre el 7/11/2020 y el 25/7/2020), el R0 estimado será de 1.07 y alcanzará 0.23 % de habitantes infectados. En el peor de los casos, el pico estimado será de 4375 (IC del 95%: 4156-4594) y 825 (IC del 95%: 700-950) en el mejor de los casos. El mayor número estimado de casos y hospitalizaciones estará en el rango entre 20 y 39 años, el número de muertes será mayor entre los ancianos y más pronunciado entre ≥ 80 años. Conclusión: este es el primer estudio con proyecciones para COVID-19 en un municipio fuera de las grandes capitales y demostró que el pico llegará tarde, por lo tanto, el municipio tendrá más tiempo de preparación y que las medidas de protección pueden reducir el número simultáneo de casos.


RESUMO Objetivo: obter um modelo preditivo da ocorrência de casos, gravidade e óbitos por COVID-19 em Ponta Grossa-Paraná. Métodos: estudo ecológico com dados de casos confirmados de COVID-19 notificados de 21/03/2020 a 03/05/2020 em Ponta Grossa e proporção de gravidade, hospitalização e letalidade da literatura. Um modelo epidemiológico suscetível-infectado-recuperado (SIR) foi construído e estimadas taxa de reprodução (R0), duração da epidemia, data do pico, número de casos, hospitalizações e óbitos. Estas últimas por faixa etária e em três cenários: aos 24 dias, aos 34 dias e aos 44 dias de epidemia. Resultados: nos três cenários avaliados, a variação no número de casos foi explicada por uma curva exponencial (r2=0,74, 0,79 e 0,89, respectivamente e p<0,0001 em todos). O modelo SIR estimou que, no melhor cenário, o pico ocorrerá em torno de 120 dias após o primeiro caso (entre 11/07/2020 e 25/07/2020), o R0 estimado será 1,07 e chegará a 0,23% dos habitantes infectados. No pior cenário, o pico estimado será de 4375 (IC 95% 4156-4594) casos e 825 (IC 95% 700-950) no melhor cenário. O maior número estimado de casos e hospitalizações será na faixa entre 20 e 39 anos, o número de óbitos será maior entre idosos e mais acentuado entre ≥ 80 anos. Conclusão: este é o primeiro estudo com projeções para a COVID-19 em um município fora das grandes capitais e mostrou que o pico será tardio, portanto, o município terá mais tempo de preparo e que medidas protetivas podem reduzir o número simultâneo de casos.


Subject(s)
Humans , Adult , Aged , Mortality , Coronavirus , Basic Reproduction Number , Epidemics , Betacoronavirus , Hospitalization , Forecasting
6.
Rev. bras. cir. cardiovasc ; 35(1): 9-15, Jan.-Feb. 2020. tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-1092475

ABSTRACT

Abstract Objective: To compare two groups of patients - the coronary endarterectomy group, with patients undergoing coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) with coronary endarterectomy (CE), and the control group, with patients undergoing CABG without CE. We analyzed the rate of major outcomes (perioperative acute myocardial infarction [AMI], stroke, and mortality) and minor outcomes (time of cardiopulmonary bypass [CPB], time of aortic clamp, and postoperative length of hospital stay). We also determined the rates of early graft patency in patients undergoing CE. Methods: We reviewed a database of patients submitted to CABG, with or without associated CE, between January 2011 and June 2017. Twenty-five patients submitted to CE were compared with 201 patients submitted only to conventional surgery; the two groups presented similar preoperative characteristics and all the European System for Cardiac Operative Risk Evaluation (EuroSCORE) II variables did not presented statistically significant difference. We considered statistically significant values of P< 0.05. Results: There was no statistically significant difference in relation to time of post-surgical hospitalization (P=0.8139), incidence of perioperative AMI (P=0.2976), stroke (P=0,2976), and mortality rate (P=1.0000), but endarterectomy was associated with longer aortic clamping time (P=0.0004) and CPB time (P=0.0030). The rate of patency evaluated in patients submitted to endarterectomy (78,95%) was compatible with that described in the literature. Conclusion: In this sample, coronary endarterectomy was associated with the rate of early graft patency similar to that of the literature, with morbidity and mortality rates similar to those of conventional surgery.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Middle Aged , Endarterectomy , Postoperative Complications , Case-Control Studies , Coronary Artery Bypass , Treatment Outcome , Coronary Vessels
7.
Rev. bras. cir. cardiovasc ; 34(5): 550-559, Sept.-Oct. 2019. tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-1042035

ABSTRACT

Abstract Introduction: Many publications on coronary surgery and carotid stenosis (CS) can be found, but we do not have enough information about the relationship between ischemic stroke, CS and non-coronary cardiac surgery. Objectives: To evaluate the incidence and risk factors associated with the stroke and CS ≥50% in patients undergoing non-coronary surgeries. Objectives: We assessed 241 patients, aged 40 years or older, between 2009 and 2016, operated in Santa Casa de Misericórdia de Ponta Grossa-PR, Brazil. We perform carotid Doppler in patients 40 years of age or older before any cardiac surgery as a routine. The incidence and possible risk factors for CS ≥50% and perioperative stroke were analyzed by univariate statistical analysis. Results: 11 patients (4.56%) presented perioperative stroke. The risk factor for stroke was CS ≥50%: OR=5.3750 (1.2909-22.3805), P=0.0208. Eighteen patients (7.46%) had CS ≥50% and their risk factors were extracardiac arteriopathy: OR=18.6607 (6.3644-54.7143), P<0.0001; COPD: OR=3.9040 (1.4491-10.5179), P=0.0071; diabetes mellitus: OR=2.9844 (1.0453-8.5204), P=0.0411; recent myocardial infarction: OR=13.8125 (1.8239-104.6052), P=0.0110; EuroSCORE II higher P=0.0056. Conclusion: The incidences of stroke and CS ≥50% were 4.56% and 7.46%, respectively. The risk factor for stroke was CS ≥50% and for CS ≥50% were extracardiac arteriopathy, COPD, diabetes mellitus, recent myocardial infarction and higher EuroSCORE II.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adult , Middle Aged , Brain Ischemia/etiology , Brain Ischemia/epidemiology , Carotid Stenosis/etiology , Carotid Stenosis/epidemiology , Stroke/epidemiology , Cardiac Surgical Procedures/adverse effects , Reference Values , Brazil/epidemiology , Incidence , Prevalence , Retrospective Studies , Risk Factors , Age Distribution , Risk Assessment , Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive/complications , Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive/epidemiology , Diabetes Complications/epidemiology , Peripheral Arterial Disease/complications , Peripheral Arterial Disease/epidemiology , Myocardial Infarction/complications , Myocardial Infarction/epidemiology
8.
Rev. bras. educ. méd ; 43(3): 5-15, jul.-set. 2019.
Article in Portuguese | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1003444

ABSTRACT

RESUMO A avaliação é intrínseca ao ato de ensinar e uma possibilidade de ampliar e melhorar o conhecimento adquirido pelo aluno. No ensino na área da saúde, a avaliação possui peculiaridades e requer constante diálogo com os docentes e discentes a fim de receber aprimoramentos. O objetivo deste estudo foi traçar um diagnóstico inicial do processo avaliativo no curso de Medicina de uma instituição de ensino superior pública no Estado do Paraná, sob a perspectiva de professores e alunos. Trata-se de um estudo exploratório, de abordagem metodológica qualitativa, de natureza interpretativa, realizado com 22 professores e 20 alunos do internato de Clínica Médica. A coleta de dados deu-se de novembro de 2015 a fevereiro de 2016, com entrevista semiestruturada, de caráter individual, que foi gravada e transcrita literalmente. Foi empregada análise de conteúdo para examinar os dados, que foram decodificados e agrupados por similaridade de assuntos, tendo emergido quatro categorias de análise. Os resultados mostram que os participantes do estudo apontaram dificuldades na avaliação. Em relação aos docentes, foi mencionada a necessidade de formação didático-pedagógica e em avaliação de habilidades, estratégias para aprimoramentos em feedback, em autoavaliação do aluno e na padronização do processo avaliativo realizado pelos docentes. O médico professor percebe-se como aprendiz neste processo e tem a percepção de que a falta de domínio pedagógico para aprender e melhorar sua avaliação gera a necessidade de formação. Conclui-se que, na arte de avaliar, a participação dos professores e alunos se torna importante estratégia para ajustes e melhorias. As reflexões sobre o papel dos atores no cenário do ensino são benéficas para a formação de ambos, pois juntos compartilham olhares, percepções e sugestões, rumo ao ensino e ao aprendizado de excelência. O feedback, a autoavaliação e a padronização constituem elementos singulares e colaboram com o processo avaliativo.


ABSTRACT Evaluation is intrinsic to the act of teaching and a possibility to increase and improve the knowledge acquired by the student. In health education, assessment has peculiarities and requires constant dialogue between teachers and students in order to achieve improvements. The objective of this study was to draw up an initial diagnosis of the evaluation process in the medical course of a Public Higher Education Institution of the State of Paraná, from the perspective of teachers and students. This was an exploratory study, with a qualitative methodological approach, and of an interpretative nature, performed with twenty-two (22) teachers and twenty (20) medical intern students. Data collection took place from November 2015 to February 2016, with a semi-structured interview of an individual character that was recorded and transcribed verbatim. The data were analyzed by content analysis, which were decoded and grouped by subject similarity, from which four categories of analysis emerged. The results show that the study participants pointed out difficulties in the evaluation; teachers were mentioned: the need for didactic-pedagogical training and the evaluation of skills, strategies for improvements in feedback, self-assessment of the student and the standardization of the evaluation process conducted by the teachers. It is concluded that in the art of evaluation, the participation of teachers and students becomes na important strategy for adjustments and improvements. Reflections on the role of actors in the educational setting are beneficial to the formation of both. The inclusion of feedback, self-assessment and standardization are unique elements and collaborate with the evaluation process.

9.
J. vasc. bras ; 18: e20190037, 2019. ilus
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: biblio-1040372

ABSTRACT

A síndrome de nutcracker é manifesta na presença de um aprisionamento sintomático da veia renal esquerda entre a aorta abdominal e a artéria mesentérica superior. Uma variação mais efêmera desta desordem é dita síndrome de nutcracker posterior, quando a compressão da veia renal não mais ocorre frontalmente à aorta, mas posteriormente a ela, entre esta e a coluna vertebral. A despeito de variáveis opções terapêuticas, as técnicas presentes visam aliviar os sintomas e diminuir a pressão venosa da veia renal esquerda. Este relato descreve um caso de Síndrome de nutcracker posterior, em que a abordagem de escolha foi a cirurgia aberta, transpondo distalmente a veia gonadal esquerda na veia cava inferior


The Nutcracker Syndrome is manifest in the presence of a symptomatic entrapment of the left renal vein between the abdominal aorta and the superior mesenteric artery. In a more ephemeral variation of this disorder, called the Posterior Nutcracker Syndrome, the renal vein is not compressed anterior to the aorta, but posteriorly, between the artery and the spine. Although there are multiple treatment options, current techniques aim to relieve the symptoms and reduce venous pressure on the left renal vein. This report describes a case of Posterior Nutcracker Syndrome in which the management approach chosen was open surgery, transposing the gonadal vein distally, to the inferior cava vein


Subject(s)
Abdominal Pain , Renal Nutcracker Syndrome/diagnosis , Renal Nutcracker Syndrome/therapy , Aorta, Abdominal , Renal Veins , Vena Cava, Inferior , Tomography, X-Ray Computed/methods , Mesenteric Artery, Superior , Endovascular Procedures/methods
10.
J. vasc. bras ; 18: e20180133, 2019. tab, ilus
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: biblio-1040374

ABSTRACT

O presente trabalho surgiu da necessidade de aprimorar o tratamento de pacientes com insuficiência venosa crônica (IVC) que apresentam úlcera venosa. Foram avaliados os 40 membros inferiores de 20 pacientes portadores de úlcera venosa cicatrizada (C5) ou ativa (C6) que foram submetidos ou não à cirurgia de varizes. Foi estabelecida a relação entre a amplitude de movimento da articulação talocrural e a presença de úlcera venosa C5 ou C6, sendo para isso utilizada a goniometria dessa articulação dentro da normalidade como preditor de cicatrização e tendo como desfecho a cicatrização ou não da úlcera venosa. Dessa forma, ao se identificar redução ou imobilidade talocrural em pacientes com úlcera venosa, poderão ser oferecidas novas formas terapêuticas, a fim de aumentar a mobilidade dessa articulação para prevenir ou retardar complicações da IVC


The present study arose from the need to improve treatment of patients with chronic venous insufficiency (CVI) who present with venous ulcers. A total of 40 lower limbs were assessed from 20 patients with healed venous ulcers (C5) or active venous ulcers (C6) who had undergone varicose vein surgery. The relationship between the range of motion of the ankle joint and presence of C5 or C6 venous ulcer was analyzed. For this purpose, normal goniometry findings for this joint were used as a predictor of venous ulcer healing, defined as the outcome. Thus, when identifying reduced ankle joint movement or immobility in these patients, new treatment options could be offered in order to increase joint mobility and prevent or delay CVI complications


Subject(s)
Varicose Ulcer , Venous Insufficiency , Wound Healing , Arthrometry, Articular/methods , Cross-Sectional Studies , Lower Extremity
11.
J. vasc. bras ; 17(3)jul.-set. 2018. graf
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: biblio-916209

ABSTRACT

A síndrome de quebra-nozes é caracterizada por um grupo de manifestações clínicas que ocorrem por conta da compressão da veia renal esquerda. Seus principais sintomas são macro e micro-hematúria, proteinúria e dor no flanco. O diagnóstico é geralmente realizado após a exclusão de outras causas mais comuns, por conta da ausência de critérios clínicos para diagnóstico. Sua confirmação é feita por exames de imagem, com uso da ultrassonografia Doppler e tomografia computadorizada. O tratamento pode variar com as características do paciente e com a gravidade dos sintomas, e inclui o tratamento conservador, a cirurgia aberta e a cirurgia endovascular. Atualmente, a cirurgia aberta continua sendo a linha de frente, mas abordagens menos invasivas vêm ganhando cada vez mais espaço


The nutcracker syndrome is characterized by a group of clinical manifestations caused by compression of the Left Renal Vein. The main symptoms are: macro and micro hematuria, proteinuria, and flank pain. Diagnosis is usually made after excluding other causes, because there are no clinical criteria for diagnosis. Confirmation is by Doppler ultrasonography or computed tomography. Treatment can vary, depending on patient characteristics and the severity of the symptoms, while conservative treatment, open surgery, and endovascular surgery may be employed. Currently, open surgery is still the first-line treatment, but some less invasive approaches are gaining acceptance


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adult , Middle Aged , Diagnosis , Renal Nutcracker Syndrome/diagnosis , Renal Nutcracker Syndrome/therapy , Therapeutics , Aorta, Abdominal/diagnostic imaging , Conservative Treatment/methods , Endovascular Procedures/methods , Hematuria/diagnosis , Mesenteric Veins , Nephrectomy/methods , Pelvic Pain/etiology , Renal Veins , Review , Stents , Surgical Procedures, Operative/methods , Tomography/methods , Ultrasonography, Doppler/methods
12.
J. vasc. bras ; 17(1): 42-48, jan.-mar. 2018.
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: biblio-904913

ABSTRACT

Os aneurismas de artéria poplítea correspondem a 70% dos aneurismas periféricos e o tratamento é cirúrgico, com controvérsias sobre os resultados da via endovascular. Este estudo objetivou realizar uma revisão da literatura sobre a comparação entre cirurgia aberta e endovascular no tratamento dos aneurismas da artéria poplítea. A pesquisa foi realizada utilizando os termos apropriados nos portais de periódicos LILACS e MEDLINE, com a seleção de 15 artigos. Um total de 5.166 procedimentos cirúrgicos foram comparados, sendo 3.930 cirurgias abertas e 1.236 cirurgias endovasculares. A cirurgia aberta com bypass venoso continua sendo o padrão-ouro. A cirurgia endovascular apresenta menor tempo de internação e é uma opção viável em pacientes eletivos, com baixa expectativa de vida, alto risco cirúrgico, comorbidades e mais idosos, desde que tenham anatomia favorável para o procedimento. Contudo, são necessários estudos de longo prazo para estabelecer os reais benefícios e indicações das duas técnicas, como o ensaio clínico randomizado controlado


Popliteal artery aneurysms account for 70% of peripheral aneurysms and must be treated surgically. The results of endovascular treatment are controversial. The objective of this study is to conduct a literature review on comparisons between open surgery and endovascular treatment for popliteal artery aneurysms. Searches were run on the LILACS and MEDLINE databases using the appropriate search terms and 15 articles were selected. A total of 5,166 surgical procedures were compared, 3,930 open surgeries and 1,236 endovascular surgeries. Open surgery with venous bypass is still the gold standard. Endovascular surgery offers shorter length of hospital stay and is a viable option for elective patients, those with short life expectancy, high surgical risk, comorbidities, and more advanced age. However, long-term studies are needed to establish the true benefits and indications for the two techniques, such as randomized clinical trials


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Popliteal Artery , Endovascular Procedures , Aneurysm , Prostheses and Implants , General Surgery , Vascular Patency , Comorbidity , Sex Factors , Age Factors
13.
Acta cir. bras ; 32(9): 746-754, Sept. 2017. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-886234

ABSTRACT

Abstract Purpose: To analyze the effects of allopurinol and of post-conditioning on lung injuries induced by lower-limb ischemia and reperfusion. Methods: Thirty rats were used. They were divided in 5 groups: (1) group A: abdominal aortic dissection only, (2) group B: ischemia and reperfusion, (3) group C: administered allopurinol (100mg/Kg) a few hours before procedure, (4) group D: post-conditioned and (5) group E: administered allopurinol and post-conditioned. With the exception of group A, all groups were submitted to infrarenal aortic ischemia for 2 hours, and reperfusion for 72 hours. After euthanasia, lungs were removed for histological analysis. They were graded under two scores: pulmonary injury (neutrophil infiltration, interstitial edema, vascular congestion, and destruction of lung architecture) and lymphocytic score (neutrophil infiltration, lymphoid aggregate and secondary follicle). Results: On the pulmonary injury score, the degree of injury was smaller than in groups D and E, when compared to group B, p<0.05. Group C did not obtain the same result (p>0,05). On the lymphocytic score, there was no statistic difference among groups, p>0.05. Conclusion: Both post-conditioning and the combination of allopurinol and post-conditioning were effective in remote lung protection induced by lower-limbs I/R. When used in isolation, allopurinol showed no protective effect.


Subject(s)
Animals , Male , Female , Rats , Reperfusion Injury/complications , Allopurinol/therapeutic use , Lung Injury/prevention & control , Ischemic Postconditioning , Rats, Wistar , Disease Models, Animal , Lung Injury/etiology , Antimetabolites/therapeutic use
14.
Rev. bras. cir. cardiovasc ; 31(3): 239-245, May.-June 2016. tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-796128

ABSTRACT

ABSTRACT Introduction: In patients with mechanical prosthetic heart valves or atrial fibrillation requiring anticoagulation to prevent thromboembolic events, several factors influence adherence and anticoagulation complications. Objective: To evaluate the factors that interfere with the quality and complications of anticoagulation with vitamin K antagonists. Methods: A retrospective cohort study of 100 patients, in the period from 2011 to 2014, was performed. Anticoagulation conditions in the last year, regarding the presence of complications (embolisms/bleeding) and inadequate treatment were assessed: achievement of less than 8 annual prothrombin times and International Normalized Ratio outside therapeutic target in more than 40% of prothrombin times. Results: There were 31 complications (22 minor bleeding without hospitalization and 9 major complications: 7 bleeding with hospitalization and two emboli); 70 were with International Normalized Ratio outside the target in more than 40% of the tests and 36 with insufficient number of prothrombin times. Socioeconomic factors, anticoagulant type and anticoagulation reason had no relationship with complications or with inadequate treatment. There were more complications in patients with longer duration of anticoagulation (P=0.001). Women had more International Normalized Ratio outside the target range (OR 2.61, CI:1.0-6.5; P=0.04). Patients with lower number of annual prothrombin times had longer times of anticoagulation (P=0.03), less annual consultations (P=0.02) and less dose adjustments (P=0.003). Patients with longer duration of anticoagulation have more complications (P=0.001). Conclusion: There was a high rate of major complications and International Normalized Ratio was outside the goal. Less annual prothrombin times was related to longer duration of anticoagulation, less annual consultations and less dose adjustments. More major complications occurred in patients with longer duration of anticoagulation.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Aged , Postoperative Complications/etiology , Vitamin K/antagonists & inhibitors , Postoperative Hemorrhage/etiology , Ambulatory Care Facilities/statistics & numerical data , Cardiac Surgical Procedures/adverse effects , Prothrombin Time/statistics & numerical data , Atrial Fibrillation/complications , Socioeconomic Factors , Thromboembolism/complications , Thromboembolism/etiology , Time Factors , Vitamin K/adverse effects , Warfarin/adverse effects , International Normalized Ratio/statistics & numerical data , Cardiac Surgical Procedures/statistics & numerical data , Anticoagulants/adverse effects
15.
Acta cir. bras ; 31(2): 126-132, Feb. 2016. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-775566

ABSTRACT

PURPOSE: To investigate the potential protective effect of allopurinol on reperfusion injury by determining the inflammatory response through the measurement of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha). METHODS: Sixty rats were distributed into two groups: control and allopurinol and each group was divided into three subgroups, ischemia for two hours, ischemia for three hours and ischemia simulation. Allopurinol group rats received 100mg/kg dose of allopurinol, whereas control group rats received an equivalent dose of saline. Clamping of the infrarenal aorta was performed for two or three hours depending on the subgroup. Ischemia simulation subgroups did not suffer ischemia, just aortic dissection, and maintenance for three hours. After 72 hours of reperfusion, blood was collected by cardiac puncture for TNF-alpha measurement. RESULTS: Allopurinol reduced TNF-alpha significantly (p <0.001) when compared to the matching control subgroups (control X allopurinol in ischemia for two hours and for three hours). CONCLUSION: Allopurinol reduced the concentrations of serum TNF-alpha when used at different times of ischemia followed by reperfusion, which might indicate reduction of the inflammation provoked by the reperfusion injury.


Subject(s)
Animals , Reperfusion Injury/metabolism , Allopurinol/pharmacology , Abdominal Cavity/blood supply , Ischemia/surgery , Antimetabolites/pharmacology , Time Factors , Reperfusion Injury/prevention & control , Random Allocation , Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha/analysis , Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha/drug effects , Reactive Oxygen Species/metabolism , Rats, Wistar , Models, Animal , Inflammation/metabolism
16.
Rev. bras. cir. cardiovasc ; 30(5): 552-556, Sept.-Oct. 2015. tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-769900

ABSTRACT

ABSTRACT OBJECTIVE: The aim of the present study was to investigate the factors associated with chronic post-sternotomy pain in heart surgery patients. METHODS: Between January 2013 and February 2014, we evaluated 453 patients with >6 months post-sternotomy for cardiac surgery at a surgical outpatient clinic. The patients were allocated into a group with chronic post-sternotomy pain (n=178) and a control group without pain (n=275). The groups were compared for potential predictors of chronic post-sternotomy pain. We used Cox proportional hazards regression to determine which independent variables were associated with the development of chronic post-sternotomy pain. RESULTS: In total, 39.29% of the patients had chronic poststernotomy pain. The following factors were significantly associated with chronic post-sternotomy pain: (a) use of the internal thoracic artery in coronary bypass grafting (P =0.009; HR=1.39; 95% CI, 1.08 to 1.80); (b) a history of antidepressant use (P =0.0001; HR=2.40; 95% CI, 1.74 to 3.32); (c) hypothyroidism (P =0.01; HR=1.27; 95% CI, 1.03 to 1.56); (d) surgical wound complication (P =0.01; HR=1.69; 95% CI, 1.08 to 2.63), and (e) patients on disability benefits or scheduled for a consultative medical examination for retirement (P =0.0002; HR=2.05; 95% CI, 1.40 to 3.02). CONCLUSION: The factors associated with chronic poststernotomy pain were: use of the internal thoracic artery; use of antidepressants; hypothyroidism; surgical wound complication, and patients on disability benefits or scheduled for a consultative examination.


Subject(s)
Humans , Advance Directives , Planning Techniques , Terminal Care , Attitude to Death , Decision Making , State Medicine , United Kingdom
17.
J. vasc. bras ; 14(3): 217-223, July-Sep. 2015. tab, graf
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-763082

ABSTRACT

A incapacidade das fístulas arteriovenosas (FAVs) atenderem aos quesitos mínimos para realização da hemodiálise (HD) corresponde a uma das maiores causas de morbidade nos pacientes em terapia renal substitutiva. Identificar os fatores de risco associados com a falência do acesso vascular é fundamental para o manejo e sucesso da terapia hemodialítica.ObjetivoComparar o tempo médio de patência e a sobrevida das fístulas arteriovenosas realizadas nos pacientes portadores de diabetes mellitus com pacientes não portadores de diabetes mellitus (DM) em HD.MétodosTrata-se de um estudo retrospectivo observacional, no qual foram observados os prontuários médicos de todos os pacientes em HD no Hospital Santa Casa de Misericórdia de Ponta Grossa, no período de fevereiro de 2014. Foram analisados dados clínicos referentes à confecção, manutenção e utilização das FAVs como adjuvante na terapia dialítica, comparando o tempo médio de patência das fístulas em uso para HD, bem como a sobrevida das FAVs ocluídas. Os pacientes selecionados foram divididos em dois grupos para comparação, conforme a presença ou ausência de DM.ResultadosOs indivíduos do Grupo DM apresentaram maior média de idade (59,97 ± 10,12), menor tempo de acompanhamento no serviço de hemodiálise (25,42 ± 21,03 meses), menor tempo médio até a oclusão da fístula arteriovenosa (9,03 ± 11,60 meses) e menor média de sobrevida dos acessos vasculares em 24 meses (50,25%).ConclusõesO estudo concluiu que para os pacientes diabéticos houve um menor tempo médio da patência das FAVs e menor taxa de sobrevida dos acessos em 24 meses.


Failure of arteriovenous fistulas (AVFs) to meet the minimum requirements for hemodialysis (HD) is the greatest cause of morbidity in patients on renal replacement therapy. Identifying risk factors associated with failure of vascular access is crucial to management and success of hemodialysis treatment.ObjectiveTo compare mean duration of patency and survival of arteriovenous fistulas created in HD patients with and without diabetes mellitus (DM).MethodsThis was a retrospective observational study of the medical records for all patients on HD at the Hospital Santa Casa de Misericórdia de Ponta Grossa (Brazil) in February 2014. We analyzed clinical data relating to creation, maintenance and use of AVF for dialysis, comparing mean duration of patency of fistulas currently in use for HD and analyzing survival of previously occluded AVFs. Patient data was allocated to one of two groups for analysis, according to presence or absence of DM.ResultsIndividuals in the DM group had higher mean age (59.97 ± 10.12), shorter time on hemodialysis treatment (25.42 ± 3.21 months), lower mean time before occlusion of arteriovenous fistulas (3.09 ± 11.60 months) and a lower mean rate survival of vascular access to 24 months (50.25%).ConclusionsThis study concluded that diabetic patients had shorter mean duration of AVF patency and lower rate of access survival to 24 months.


Subject(s)
Humans , Diabetes Mellitus/physiopathology , Arteriovenous Fistula/diagnosis , Medical Records , Renal Dialysis , Retrospective Studies , Time Factors
18.
J. vasc. bras ; 13(1): 5-11, Jan-Mar/2014. tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-709790

ABSTRACT

CONTEXT: Deep vein thrombosis (DVT) is a serious, common disease whose complications include pulmonary thromboembolism (PTE) and postthrombotic syndrome. The importance and benefits of correct and effective pharmacological prophylaxis for DVT are well documented. OBJECTIVES: The aims of this study were to evaluate adequacy of prophylaxis for DVT and PTE at the Santa Casa de Misericórdia de Ponta Grossa (SCMPG), Paraná, Brazil, and determine risk stratification for patients hospitalized in this institution. METHODS: A cohort study was conducted to assess DVT prophylaxis of patients hospitalized on May 15th, 2009. The study population consisted of a sample of 104 patients, subdivided into clinical and surgical groups and stratified into different specialties. Correct use of DVT prophylaxis was evaluated according to recommendations published by The Brazilian Society for Angiology and Vascular Surgery and took into account prophylactic methods specified explicitly in information found in each patient's medical chart. RESULTS: Of the 104 patients interviewed, 51 (49.04%) were clinical patients and 53 (50.96%) surgical. Based on risk stratification, 17 (16.35%) were classified as low risk, 37 (35.58%) as moderate risk, 46 (44.23%) as high risk and 4 (3.85%) as extremely high risk for DVT/PTE. A total of 68 patients (65.38%) received prophylaxis, but of these only 56 (53.85%) received the correct prophylaxis, and 36 (34.62%) did not receive any prophylaxis. CONCLUSION: The rates of prophylaxis use for DVT and PTE in this service are higher than rates published in the literature. .


CONTEXTO: A trombose venosa profunda (TVP) é uma doença frequente e grave, tendo como complicações o tromboembolismo pulmonar (TEP) e a síndrome pós-trombótica. A importância e os benefícios de uma correta e efetiva profilaxia medicamentosa em relação à TVP estão bem documentados. OBJETIVOS: Este trabalho tem por objetivos avaliar a adequação das profilaxias de TVP e TEP na Santa Casa de Misericórdia de Ponta Grossa (SCMPG), Paraná, e estratificar o perfil de risco. MÉTODOS: Realizou-se um estudo de coorte, com a finalidade de avaliar a profilaxia da TVP nos pacientes internados no dia 15 de maio de 2009. Uma amostra de 104 pacientes foi dividida em grupos clínico e cirúrgico, e estratificada em diferentes especialidades. A correta utilização da profilaxia para TVP foi avaliada segundo recomendações da Sociedade Brasileira de Angiologia e Cirurgia Vascular (SBACV), considerando-se métodos profiláticos presentes nas informações explícitas encontradas na prescrição médica de cada paciente. RESULTADOS: Dos 104 pacientes entrevistados, 51 (49,04%) eram pacientes clínicos e 53 (50,96%) eram cirúrgicos. De acordo com a estratificação do risco, 17 (16,35%) foram classificados como baixo risco, 37 (35,58%) como risco moderado, 46 (44,23%) como alto risco e 4 (3,85%) como altíssimo risco para TVP e TEP. Do total de pacientes, 68 (65,38%) receberam profilaxia, sendo que, deste número, apenas 56 (53,85%) receberam uma profilaxia correta e 36 (34,62%) não receberam nenhuma profilaxia. CONCLUSÕES: As profilaxias de TVP e TEP neste serviço apresentam uma aderência superior aos índices encontrados em trabalhos publicados na literatura. .


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Child , Adolescent , Adult , Middle Aged , Pulmonary Embolism/complications , Venous Thromboembolism/complications , Venous Thrombosis/prevention & control , Cohort Studies , Risk Factors
19.
J. vasc. bras ; 13(1): 63-66, Jan-Mar/2014. graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-709792

ABSTRACT

It is known that stenosis or central venous obstruction affects 20 to 50% of patients who undergo placement of catheters in central veins. For patients who are given hemodialysis via upper limbs, this problem causes debilitating symptoms and increases the risk of loss of hemodialysis access. We report an atypical case of treatment of a dialysis patient with multiple comorbidities, severe swelling and pain in the right upper limb (RUL), few alternative sites for hemodialysis vascular access, a functioning brachiobasilic fistula in the RUL and severe venous hypertension in the same limb, secondary to central vein occlusion of the internal jugular vein and right brachiocephalic trunk. The alternative surgical treatment chosen was to transpose the RUL cephalic vein, forming a venous necklace at the anterior cervical region, bypassing the site of venous occlusion. In order to achieve this, we dissected the cephalic vein in the right arm to its junction with the axillary vein, devalved the cephalic vein and anastomosed it to the contralateral external jugular vein, providing venous drainage to the RUL, alleviating symptoms of venous hypertension and preserving function of the brachiobasilic fistula.


Sabemos que estenose ou obstrução venosa central ocorre em 20 a 50% dos pacientes que são submetidos à colocação de cateter em veias centrais. Nos pacientes que realizam hemodiálise pelos membros superiores, este problema causa sintomas debilitantes e um grande risco de perda do acesso para hemodiálise. Relatamos um caso atípico de tratamento em um paciente dialítico com múltiplas comorbidades, queixa de dor e edema severo do membro superior direito (MSD), escassas alternativas de acessos vasculares para hemodiálise e fístula braquiobasílica funcionante do MSD associada à severa hipertensão venosa deste membro, secundária à oclusão venosa central da veia jugular interna e do tronco braquiocefálico direito. O tratamento cirúrgico alternativo foi a transposição da veia cefálica do MSD, formando colar venoso na região cervical anterior, resultando em um bypass sobre o sítio venoso ocluído. Para isso, realizamos a dissecção da veia cefálica no braço direito até a sua junção com a veia axilar, devalvulamos e anastomosamos a veia cefálica na veia jugular externa contralateral, permitindo a drenagem venosa do MSD, aliviando os sintomas da hipertensão venosa e mantendo a fístula braquiobasílica funcionante.


Subject(s)
Humans , Vascular Grafting/rehabilitation , Arteriovenous Fistula/surgery , Venous Thromboembolism/therapy , Renal Dialysis/methods , Surgical Procedures, Operative
20.
RELAMPA, Rev. Lat.-Am. Marcapasso Arritm ; 26(3): 144-150, jul.-set. 2013. tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-716123

ABSTRACT

OBJETIVO: Avaliar os resultados tardios do uso de marcapasso (MP) em pacientes portadores de miocardiopatia hipertrófica obstrutiva (MHO), sintomáticos e refratários ao tratamento medicamentoso.MÉTODO: Foram avaliados 10 pacientes portadores de MHO, refratários ao tratamento com betabloqueador e/ou verapamil, submetidos a implante de MP de dupla-câmara (DDD). Os pacientes foram acompanhados por um período médio de 4,5 anos após o implante. Foram comparados os dados clínicos (classe funcional, presença de síncope ou tontura e dor precordial) e os gradientes de pressão máximos na via de saída do VE pelo ecocardiograma, no pré-implante, na consulta entre três e seis meses e na consulta atual. Os dados clínicos foram confirmados por teste ergométrico realizado na última avaliação clínica.RESULTADOS: Não houve mortalidade e sim melhora significativa (p=0,0233) da classe funcional após o implante, que persistiu até a última avaliação, bem como desaparecimento de dor precordial e tontura, estatisticamente significativo para tontura (p=0,0412). O gradiente máximo na via de saída do VE foi 90,6 mmHg no pré-implante, 19 com três e seis meses e 13 no exame atual (p=0,00001). Houve correlação entre a classe funcional avaliada clinicamente e pelo teste ergométrico.CONCLUSÃO: Ocorreu melhora significativa da classe funcional e desaparecimento dos sintomas de dor precordial e tontura, bem como redução significativa do gradiente na via de saída do VE, que persistiu no seguimento tardio, mostrando que o uso de MP DDD foi uma opção terapêutica segura e resolutiva em longo prazo na amostra estudada.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adult , Middle Aged , Cardiomyopathy, Hypertrophic/complications , Cardiomyopathy, Hypertrophic/physiopathology , Pacemaker, Artificial , Drug Therapy , Echocardiography , Verapamil/administration & dosage
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